从《实践论》和《矛盾论》看马克思主义与中国传统文化的关系

On the Relationship Between Marxism and Chinese Traditional Culture from Mao Zedong’s Works On Practice and On Contradiction

毛泽东的经典著作《实践论》和《矛盾论》对于在新时代的伟大实践中理解马克思主义与中国传统文化的关系具有重要的方法论意义。从实践的角度而言,实践的现实需要是区别传统文化中精华与糟粕的根本标准,传统文化不存在抽象意义上的好与坏,也只有在实践过程中,才能建构起文化自觉前提下的“文化免疫”。从矛盾的角度而言,应辩证把握马克思主义与中国传统文化的对立统一关系,统一性是矛盾主要方面,对立性是矛盾次要方面。马克思主义与中国传统文化的结合,应努力超越中国传统文化自身的“特殊性”界限,建构具有世界“普遍性”意义的新生活样态,以此来实现中国传统文化的时代“在场”。

Mao Zedong s classic works On Practice and On Contradiction have important methodological significance for understanding the relationship between Marxism and Chinese traditional culture in the great practice of the new era.From the perspective of practice,the realistic need of practice is the fundamental criterion for distinguishing the essence and the dross in traditional culture.There is no good or bad in traditional culture.Only in the process of practice can we have“cultural immunity”under the premise of cultural consciousness.From the perspective of contradiction,we should dialectically grasp the relationship of unity of opposites between Marxism and Chinese traditional culture.Unity is the principal aspect of the contradiction,and antagonism is the secondary aspect of contradiction.The combination of Marxism with Chinese traditional culture should strive to transcend the limitations of Chinese traditional culture s own“particularity”and construct a new life style with“universal”meaning,so as to realize the“presence”of Chinese traditional culture in the new era.