关于农民公私观念的审视与重塑——基于主体性、公共性、现代性的逻辑分析

The Contemplating and Reconstructing of the Public-PrivateIdeas of the Peasants:Based on Logic Analysis of Subjectivity, Public Character and Modernity

由于主体性表现缺位、公共性发展不足、现代性程度偏低,农民公私观念显现出在参与“公权”和维护“私利”中绞缠不清、在传统“礼治”和现代“法治”中取舍困难、在践行“公德”和涵养“私德”上双重缺失等问题。重塑农民的公私观念,需要增强农民的主体性,解决好农民过于“重私”的问题;发展农民的公共性,坚定农民“崇公”“为公”的价值取向;涵养农民的现代性,引导农民追求“大公无私”的道德境界。

Due to the lack of subjectivity, the lack of public development and the low degree of modernity, there are some problems existed in the public and private ideas of the peasants, such as the confusion in participating in “public rights” and maintaining “private benefits”, the difficulty in choosing between the traditional “rule of etiquette” and the modern “rule of law”, and the double deficiency in practicing “public morality” and cultivating “private morality”. To reshape the public-private concept of peasants, we need to strengthen their subjectivity in order to solve the problem of over-emphasis on private interests, to develop their publicity in order to firm the value orientation of “respecting public” and “serving for the public”, and to cultivate their modernity in order to guide them to pursue the moral realm of “selflessness”.