雅典卫城——从希腊半岛城邦的圣地成为国际遗产保护的榜样

Acropolis:From a Sacred Ground of the City-States on the Greek Peninsula into an Icon of the World Heritage Conservation

爱琴海沿岸,希腊半岛的核心,伫立着雅典卫城--古代文明发源地之一的古希腊,是欧洲文化的摇篮。公元前5世纪,雅典城邦进入古典时期,经济文化空前高涨,进行了大规模的建设,雅典卫城应运而生。1687年9月,雅典卫城被炸毁,惨遭废弃。直到1931年,对雅典卫城的保护随着《雅典宪章》的颁布才慢慢开始,雅典卫城以承载辉煌古文明文化价值的遗产被列入世界文化遗产名录,得到重生。雅典卫城的"死"与"生"历史性地见证了世界遗产保护理论与技术的发展过程,承载了历史、文化、艺术价值。本文将雅典卫城的历史分为诞生、濒死、再生3个时期,并对每个时期的保护特征及当时世界保护理论与技术进行分析。

The Acropolis stands on the coast of the Aegean Sea,at the core of the Greek Peninsula.One of the birthplaces of ancient civilizations,the ancient Greece,is the cradle of European culture.In the 5th century BC,the Athens city-state entered the classical period,and it was also a period of unprecedented economic and cultural boom.Large-scale construction was carried out,and the Acropolis came into being.In September 1687,the Acropolis was blown up and was tragically abandoned.It was not until 1931 that the protection of the Acropolis began slowly with the promulgation of the"Charter of Athens".The Acropolis was inscribed in the World Cultural Heritage Lists,as it carried the cultural value of the glorious ancient civilization and the historical and artistic value.Acropolis has historically witnessed the development of world heritage conservation and then turned into an icon.