纵向一体化在中国产业升级中的作用研究

Vertical integration in industrial upgrading in China

与理论界的想象相悖,中国产业升级过程中出现了一批纵向一体化企业,本文试图揭示这一现象背后的结构性原因。在辨析相关理论、概念的基础上,通过历史与逻辑相结合的分析、并结合两家工业龙头企业在产品创新与制造升级过程中的一体化案例,本文认为出现这种现象的情境根源在于中国特殊的工业体系与创新系统结构,即一种碎片化、底子薄的“盆景”式结构。这使采取激进创新的龙头企业更倾向于通过纵向一体化方式自主发展互补能力,也决定了这类企业将在产业升级中扮演不可替代的重要角色。文章最后基于此对产业升级给出了相关政策建议。

Compared to the theoretical enthusiasm on vertical disintegration,an increasing number of Chandlerianintegrated enterprises emerged in China’s industrial upgrading.This paper attempts to reveal the reasons behind such phenomenon.Based on theoretical argument on three issues,we developed an integrated framework to understand the contemporary vertical integration with the help historical perspective and theoretical logics.Two cases oflead firms in product innovation and manufacturing upgrading are given as evidence.The very reason for their vertical integration is the specific industrial system and innovation system in China,which determines the irreplaceable role of those Schumpeterian incumbents in industrial upgrading.The final part of the paper gives relevant policy implications.