治疗青光眼的新型给药系统研究进展

Advances in New Drug Delivery Systems for Glaucoma Treatment

青光眼是一种不可逆的致盲性眼病,通常药物治疗以降眼压药为主,但是传统滴眼剂的生物利用度低、患者依从性差,从而导致临床治疗效果不佳。近年来,新型给药系统通过延长药物在眼部的滞留时间达到缓释的目的,提高了青光眼药物的治疗效果。本文将新型给药系统分为非侵入式和侵入式。其中,非侵入式给药系统包括滴眼剂(纳米脂质体、原位凝胶和立方液晶)、角膜接触镜和眼用插入剂;侵入式给药系统包括眼用植入剂和可注射微粒。本文介绍了各给药系统的优势和不足以及眼部药物递送的新技术,并阐述了释药机制,以期为研发治疗青光眼的新型制剂提供参考。

Glaucoma is an irreversible blinding eye disease.Generally,the drug treatment is mainly based on ocular hypotensive agents.However,the traditional eye drops have low bioavailability and poor patient compliance,resulting in unsatisfactory clinical treatment.In recent years,novel drug delivery systems have achieved the purpose of sustained release by prolonging the residence time of the drug in eyes,so as to improve the therapeutic effect of glaucoma medications.In this paper,novel drug delivery systems are divided into two types:non-invasive and invasive types.Non-invasive drug delivery systems include eye drops(such as nanoliposomes,in situ gel and cubosomes),contact lenses and ocular inserts.Invasive drug delivery systems include ocular implants and injectable microparticles.At the same time,advantages and disadvantages of each drug delivery system as well as new technologies applied in ocular drug delivery are introduced and the drug release mechanism is specified.It is expected that this paper can provide some references for the development of new preparations for glaucoma.