新冠肺炎疫情期间大学生心理状况及其与社会支持的关系

Psychological status and its relationship with social support in college students during COVID-19 epidemic

目的探讨新冠肺炎疫情期间大学生心理状况及其与社会支持的关系。方法选取4139名在校大学生,采用广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、病人健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)进行调查。结果大学生抑郁及焦虑症状检出率分别为39.0%和26.9%。Logistic回归分析显示抑郁症状的危险因素为女性、大二、大三、大四、病毒暴露、亲人参与抗疫工作、疫情影响生活、担心感染(P<0.05);抑郁症状的保护因素为对疫情认识程度、主观支持、疫情发展趋势的态度(P<0.05)。焦虑症状的危险因素为大三、大四、病毒暴露、亲人参与抗议工作、疫情影响生活、担心感染(P<0.05);焦虑症状的保护因素为主观支持、疫情发展趋势的态度(P<0.05)。社会支持在病毒暴露和抑郁焦虑评分间存在中介效应,主、客观支持在病毒暴露和抑郁评分的中介效应占25.61%和15.61%。结论需给予高风险大学生更多社会支持,开展有针对性的支持干预措施,改善其心理健康水平。

Objective To explore the psychological status and its relationship with social support in college students during the epidemic of COVID-19.Methods A total of 4139 college students were selected and assessed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder(GAD-7),Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).Results The prevalence rates of depression and anxiety in college students were 39.0%and 26.9%respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for depression were female,sophomore,junior,senior,virus exposure,relatives participating in anti-epidemic work,epidemic affecting life,worrying about infection(P<0.05);and the protective factors for depression were understanding levels of epidemic,subjective support,attitudes towards the development trend of epidemic(P<0.05).The risk factors for anxiety were junior,senior,virus exposure,relatives participating in anti-epidemic work,epidemic affecting life,worrying about infection(P<0.05);and the protective factors for anxiety were subjective support,attitudes towards the development trend of epidemic(P<0.05).Social support had a mediating effect between virus exposure and scores of depression and anxiety.The mediating effects of subjective support and objective support on virus exposure and depression scores accounted for 25.61%and 15.61%,respectively.Conclusion It is necessary to provide more social support to college students with high-risk and carry out targeted support intervention measures to improve their mental health level.