人工智能与残疾人权益保障的风险防控研究

Research on Risk Control of Artificial Intelligence and Protection of Rights and Interests for the Disabled

作为人类科学发展的产物,人工智能在给人类特别是残疾人带来工作、生活、康复、文娱等方面便利的同时,也给残疾人权益保障带来一些潜在的风险和负面影响,如可能产生"算法暴力"下的残疾歧视、残疾人就业机会减少、残疾人对人工智能的依赖而导致脱离社会、残疾人被异化等一系列问题。面对人工智能给残疾人事业发展特别是残疾人权益保障带来的机遇和挑战,应从技术革新、行业自律、道德约束、政府引导、法律规制等几个方面加强对人工智能发展的管控,使之成为残疾人提升生活质量、融入社会整体、共奔小康社会的助推器和加速器,促进我国残疾人事业在新时代实现新发展。

With the development of science and technology,artificial intelligence(AI)brings convenience for the disabled in their work,life,rehabilitation and entertainment.However,it also brings some potential risks and negative impacts on the rights and interests of the disabled.For example,"algorithmic violence"may result in many problems such as disability discrimination,decreasing employment opportunities for the disabled,disconnecting from the society due to the dependence of disabled people on artificial intelligence,and the alienation of the disabled.Facing both the opportunities and challenges brought by AI to the disabled,in particular the protection of their rights and interests,we should strengthen the control of AI development from perspectives of technology innovation,industry sel-fregulation,moral restraint,government guidance and legal regulation.This will help to make it a booster and accelerator for the disabled to improve their quality of life,integrate into the society and live a moderately well-off society and promote new development of undertakings for the disabled in the new era.