退耕还林市场化生态补偿机制构建探析

Analysis on the Construction of Market-oriented Ecological Compensation Mechanism for Returning Farmland to Forests

建立市场化的生态补偿机制是国家做出的又一重要战略部署。它也是发展社会主义市场经济的本质要求,生态效益价值体现的需要,生态环境保护责任明确的需要。但是,退耕还林市场化生态补偿机制构建面临如下困境,一是生态环境生产是否会面临"市场失灵",二是生态环境价值衡量标准的确定,三是生态环境产品消费费用的分摊。市场化生态补偿机制的建立和完善,需要防止"两个极端",注意循序渐进。具体措施而言,应该明晰产权,规范定价,界定消费。

The establishment of market-oriented ecological compensation mechanism is another important strategic deployment made by the state.It is also the essential requirement of developing socialist market economy,the need of reflecting the value of ecological benefits and the need of clear responsibility for ecological environment protection.However,the construction of market-oriented ecological compensation mechanism for returning farmland to forests is faced with the following difficulties:first,whether ecological environment production will face"market failure";second,the determination of ecological environment value measurement standards;third,the allocation of consumption costs of ecological environment products.The establishment and improvement of market-oriented ecological compensation mechanism need to prevent"two extremes"and pay attention to step by step.For specific measures,property rights should be clarified,pricing should be standardized,and consumption should be defined.