数字人文取径下的淡新档案重整与分析(上)

Reorganizing and Analyzing Danxin Archives via Digital Humanities

所谓数字人文取径,是将数字资源或数字工具的运用导入到一个人文学者完整的研究历程中,从问题意识开始,包含搜集与取得材料、整理与组织材料,到分析与观察,研究者可在此基础上进行诠释,进一步产出研究成果。本文便是从这样的方法论出发,陈述台湾大学数字人文研究中心在淡新档案的重整与系统化工作上,以数字人文研究为系统导向,融入三个重要的系统概念:学科元素的深化、研究功能的延伸、研究意识的连结;采取多重脉络的关联结构,将档案组织的层级从"案"细致化到"件",逐件进行全文的人、时、地、物与客家相关词汇的标注,并在戴炎辉分类之外,针对客家研究的需要,建立客家事件主题架构。在这样的档案内容深化后,运用DocuSky的云端资料库模式,建置"淡新档案客家研究数字分析系统"(Danxin Archives System for Hakka Studies,DASH),提供系统使用者与材料间互动探索的多元功能,并以标准格式DocuXML让使用者完整汇出需要的文本材料及加值信息,以衔接个人的议题研究,启动研究者个人化的数字人文研究历程。

Digital humanities(DH)is a research paradigm that employs digital resources and information technology to humanities research.From initiating research problem and collecting and organizing material,to analyzing and observing(visualizing)contexts,DH attempts to participate in every step of the research process.Based on this methodology,this paper describes how we built a context discovery system for Danxin Archives.We incorporated three important factors:in-depth analysis of research elements embedded in the texts,expansion of functionalities for context discovery,and the connection between the material at hand and research awareness.We organized and refined the archives from the"case"level to"document"level,and annotated the text by labeling the persons,locations,objects,as well as Hakka elements.In addition to the original classification of Professor Dai Xianhui,we also designed a new classification system according to Hakka affairs.Using DocuSky,a DH platform developed by the Research Center for DH at the Taiwan University,we built DASH,Danxin Archives System for Hakka Studies.DASH allows the user to do full-text query,analyze the resulting set using the two classification systems,observe and interact with the contexts provided by the system,and export the outcome in DocuXML format.