福建省代谢综合征流行现状及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of metabolic syndrome in Fujian Province

目的了解福建省35~75岁人群代谢综合征及其各组分的流行现状及影响因素,为代谢综合征防控措施提供科学依据。方法于2017—2019年,在福建省选择不同地理位置、经济条件的8个县(区),采用方便抽样法抽取91804名35~75岁常住居民进行问卷调查,体格检查和实验室检测。采用SPSS 18.0进行χ^2检验、趋势性χ^2检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果福建省35~75岁人群代谢综合征患病率为21.3%(标化患病率为16.8%),男性高于女性,随年龄增长呈增加趋势。在代谢综合征的各组分中,标化患病率从高到低依次为血压异常(34.6%),高甘油三酯(32.5%),中心性肥胖(28.0%),低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(13.9%),血糖异常(12.5%)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示,城市居民(OR=1.11,95%CI:1.07~1.15)、高龄(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.04~1.05)、高中及以上文化程度(OR=1.10,95%CI:1.05~1.15)、家庭年收入5万元及以上(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.05~1.14)、吸烟(OR=1.26,95%CI:1.20~1.33)、饮酒(OR=1.06,95%CI:1.00~1.13)和高体质指数(OR=1.42,95%CI:1.41~1.43)与患代谢综合征高风险相关;女性(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.80~0.88)与患代谢综合征低风险相关。结论福建省代谢综合征患病率较高,要加大对高血压、高血糖、中心性肥胖和血脂异常的防控力度,提倡戒烟限酒,加强对男性、城市居民、高文化和高收入群体进行针对性干预。

Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of metabolic syndrome and its components in residents(35-75 years old)of Fujian Province,and to provide the scientific basis for prevention and control measures of metabolic syndrome.Methods From 2017 to 2019,91804 residents(35-75 years old)in eight counties and districts with different geographical locations and economic conditions of Fujian Province were selected as the subjects with the method of convenient sampling.The investigation was performed by questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory test.The chi-square test,the trend chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the data.The used software was SPSS 18.0.Results The morbidity of metabolic syndrome in residents(35-75 years old)of Fujian Province was 21.3%and the standardized rate was16.8%.The morbidity of metabolic syndrome in males was higher than that in females and increased with age.Among the components in metabolic syndrome,the order for standardized morbidity was abnormal blood pressure(34.6%),high triglyceride(32.5%),central obesity(28.0%),low high-density lipoprotein chalesterol(13.9%)and abnormal blood glucose(12.5%).Multi-factor unconditioned logistic regression analysis indicated that the urban residents(OR=1.11,95%CI:1.07-1.15),older age(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.04-1.05),high school education level(OR=1.10,95%CI:1.10-1.15),annual household income of50000 yuan or above(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.05-1.14),smoking(OR=1.26,95%CI:1.20-1.33),drinking(OR=1.06,95%CI:1.00~1.13)and high body mass index(OR=1.42,95%CI:1.41-1.43)were related to the high risk of metabolic syndrome;females(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.80~0.88)were related to the low risk of metabolic syndrome.Conclusion The morbidity of metabolic syndrome in Fujian Province was higher.The prevention and control measures for hypertension,diabetes,central obesity and abnormal blood lipid should be strengthened,and smoking cessation and alcohol restriction should be advocated.More attention should be paid to the intervention for males,urban residents and the residents with high education level and high income level.