长江经济带城乡一体化对能源效率的空间效应分析

Analysis of the Spatial Effect of Urban-Rural Integration on Energy Efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

城乡一体化作为新的经济增长动能,是建设高效的能源经济体系、平衡经济社会发展与生态环境保护的关键性途径。因此城乡一体化对能源效率的效应分析成为促进经济社会可持续发展的重要课题。本文以长江经济带各省市为研究对象,采用DEA测度了考虑非期望产出的能源效率值,并分析其时空上的分异特征,通过构建经济、社会和基础设施3个维度的综合指标体系评价城乡一体化水平,以此为基础运用Moran’s I指数确定了能源效率、城乡一体化水平及其他影响因素的空间相关性,最后运用混合地理加权回归估计城乡一体化及3个控制变量的回归参数值并作空间效应分析。得出结论:①从空间相关性分析来看,长江经济带的城乡一体化发展水平对能源效率具有正向作用,同时经济发展水平和产业结构也对能源效率有正向影响,而技术进步则在一定条件下与能源效率呈负相关关系;②从回归系数的估计值来看,城乡一体化对能源效率的影响程度要小于技术进步和产业结构,而经济发展水平对能源效率的影响程度最小;③城乡一体化水平对能源效率的正向影响程度随着能源效率的上升呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,并且其影响在空间分布上自东向西呈现出递增的特征;④长江经济带的能源效率呈现显著的空间相关性和空间异质性。基于此,对长江经济带推进城乡一体化进程中的能源效率提升具有重要意义。

As a new driver of economic growth, urban-rural integration is a key way to build an efficient energy economic system and balance economic and social development with ecological environmental protection.Analyzing the effect of urban-rural integration on energy efficiency is important to promote sustainable economic and social development. In this paper, we took the provinces of the Yangtze River Economic Belt as the research object. We used the DEA values to measure the energy efficiency and analyzed its differentiation characteristics over time and space. The level of urban-rural integration was evaluated by a comprehensive index system of economy, society, and infrastructure. Based on these, Moran’s I index was used to determine the spatial correlation of energy efficiency, urban-rural integration level, and other influencing factors. Finally, the urbanrural integration and three control variables were estimated by mixed geographically weighted regression to analyze the spatial effect. Based on spatial correlation analysis, the urban-rural integration level of the Yangtze River Economic Belt had a positive effect on energy efficiency. Economy development level and industrial structure also had positive impacts on energy efficiency. However, technological progress was negatively correlated with energy efficiency. Based on estimated regression coefficients, the impact of urban-rural integration on energy efficiency was smaller than technological progress and industrial structure, and economic development level had the least impact on energy efficiency. The positive impact of urban-rural integration level on energy efficiency showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increasing of energy efficiency, and an spatial pattern of increasing from east to west. The energy efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt presented significant spatial correlation and spatial heterogeneity. Our study demonstrates a significantly increasing energy efficiency result from the process of urban-rural integration in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.