宫颈癌患者合并生殖道感染病原学特点与预防措施分析

Analysis of pathogenic characteristics and preventive measures of genital tract infection in patients with cervical cancer

目的探讨宫颈癌患者合并生殖道感染病原学特点与预防措施。方法将2017年1月-2019年4月本院收治的女性宫颈癌患者364例纳入为观察对象,统计生殖道感染发生率,分析主要病原菌耐药性。结果经细菌标本培养、分离出215株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌160株(74.42%)、革兰阳性菌46株(21.39%)、真菌9株(4.19%),革兰阴性菌常见为大肠埃希菌与肺炎克雷伯菌,革兰阳性菌常见为金黄色葡萄球菌,真菌常见为光滑念珠菌;大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对哌拉西林、氨苄西林存在高度耐药性;但大肠埃希菌对呋喃妥因、亚胺培南产生的耐药性较低;肺炎克雷伯菌对替卡西林、亚胺培南、丁胺卡那霉素、头孢替坦无耐药性;金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G、红霉素存在高度耐药性。结论革兰阴性菌是诱发宫颈癌合并生殖道感染的主要病原菌,对多种抗菌药物存在高度耐药性,需按病原菌特点,合理选择抗菌药物。

Objective To investigate the pathogenic characteristics and preventive measures of genital tract infection in patients with cervical cancer.Methods A total of 364 women with cervical cancer admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to April 2019 were enrolled in the study.The incidence of reproductive tract infections was analyzed and the resistance of major pathogens was analyzed.Results 215 strains of pathogens were cultured and isolated from the bacterial samples.Among them,160 strains(74.42%)were Gram-negative bacteria,46 strains(21.39%)were Gram-positive bacteria,and 9 strains(4.19%)were fungi.Gram-negative bacteria are commonly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae,while Gram-positive bacteria are commonly Staphylococcus aureus,and fungi is commonly known as Candida glabrata;Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are highly resistant to piperacillin and ampicillin;However,Escherichia coli has low resistance to nitrofurantoin and imipenem;Klebsiella pneumoniae is not resistant to ticarcillin,imipenem,amikacin,and cefotetan;Staphylococcus aureus is highly resistant to penicillin G and erythromycin.Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens inducing cervical cancer with genital tract infections.They are highly resistant to various antibiotics.It is necessary to select antibiotics according to the characteristics of pathogens.