2014年-2018年广州市流感病原学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Guangzhou during 2014-2018

目的通过分析广州市2014年-2018年流行性感冒(简称流感)监测数据,掌握广州市的流感流行特征,为流感防控工作提供依据。方法采用多重实时荧光PCR(real-time PCR)方法对流感监测医院采集的流感样病例(ILI)的咽拭子进行流感病毒核酸检测。结果2014年-2018年广州市共采集流感监测标本19005人份,阳性率为12.7%;流感病毒H1型、H3型和B型在2014年-2018年呈交替流行状态;5岁~14岁是流感病毒的主要感染人群,流感病毒各型别的主要感染人群不同,H1型为25岁~59岁人群,H3型为15岁~24岁人群,B型为5岁~14岁人群。结论每年的10月-12月是最佳的流感疫苗接种时间,疫苗接种人群应该面向各年龄层人群;在流感高峰时期,在学校开展晨检工作,有助于流感的防控工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological feature of influenza in Guangzhou according to the influenza surveillance data during 2014-2018,so as to provide basis for the prevention and control strategy of influenza.Methods The real-time PCR was carried out in the detection of influenza virus nucleic acids in throat swabs from ILI in surveillance hospital.Results A total of 19005 specimen were collected during 2014-2018,the positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acids was 12.7%,and different types of influenza virus alternated annually during 2014-2018.Age group of 5-14 was the main group of influenza infection,age group of 25-59 was the main group of influenza H1 infection,age group of 15-24 was the main group of influenza H3 infection,and age group of 5-14 was the main group of influenza B infection.Conclusion The best time of influenza vaccination which every age group should be injected is from October to December.Launching morning inspection in school during influenza peak time helps for influenza prevention.