无同步器的电机-变速器直连系统换挡过程建模与控制

Modeling and control of gear shifting of a non-synchronizer motor-transmission drive system

换挡过程的动力中断和冲击是制约多挡位变速器系统在纯电动汽车中大规模应用的主要原因。该文以无同步器的电机-变速器直连系统为研究对象,运用多体动力学原理建立能够准确描述其换挡过程动力学特性的混杂自动机模型;基于该模型各个阶段的动力学特性,设计了转速主动同步与转角主动同步协同的换挡控制策略,在换挡过程中实现了接合套和接合齿圈的转速与转角的精确同步。仿真实验结果表明:换挡过程的混杂自动机模型与实际过程相符,换挡控制策略能够使无同步器的电机-变速器直连系统实现快速、无冲击的换挡,将动力中断时间缩短到350 ms内。

Power interruptions and impacts during shifting are the main reasons restricting large-scale applications of multi-gear transmissions in electric vehicles. This paper presents a non-synchronizer motor-transmission drive system. A hybrid automaton model was used to describe the shifting characteristics using multi-body dynamics. The dynamic characteristics of the model at each stage were then used to design a shifting control strategy with active synchronization of the angular speed and the rotation angle, such that the angular speeds and the angles of the sleeve and the gear ring are precisely synchronized while shifting. Simulations and tests show that the hybrid automaton shifting model predictions are consistent with the actual process and that the shift control strategy enables the non-synchronizer motor-transmission drive system to provide fast, non-impact shifting and shortens the power interruption time to less than 350 ms.