立法修辞转变的言语行为理论视角——兼观《中华人民共和国监察法》立法表述之得失

Speech Act Perspective on the Expression of Legislative Language--Gains and Losses about Expression on the Supervision Law of the People’s Republic of China

立法修辞是一种特殊人际框架下的立法者与受众之间的话语。从言语行为理论视角转变立法修辞思路:关注“言内行为”对法律文明与法治程度的镜像及“主体间性”,走出一元独语困境,重视“言外行为”模式的选择与立法意图的实现,以“言后行为”作为检验权力话语向法律修辞转变的重要元素,重视受众的接受与语境的顺应,是良法与善治在立法修辞效力上的新探索,也是中国立法话语体系构建的内容。

Legislative speech is a special communicative discourse between legislators and audiences.Switching the legislative expression to the perspective of speech act by paying attention to the function of locutionary act which can reflect the legal civilization,focusing on the state of“rule of law”and inter-subjectivity,attaching importance to the model of illocutionary act and the realization of legislative intention,taking perlocutionary act as an important element to inspect the transformation of legislative rhetoric,thinking highly of the acceptance of the audience and context adaption,which are new explorations in the field of legislative rhetoric effect to Just Law and Good Governance.The research can be the component to the construction of Chinese legislative discourse system.