深圳市宝安区中学生吸烟流行情况及影响因素分析

Analysis of smoking prevalence and influential factors among middle school students in Bao’an district, Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市宝安区中学生吸烟流行情况及影响因素,为进一步开展中学生控烟工作提供依据。方法于2018年10—12月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,从深圳市宝安区67所中学中抽取13所学校的学生为调查对象,采用全球青少年烟草调查(GYTS)中国项目的问卷进行调查,运用logistic回归模型分析吸烟的影响因素。结果共调查3 700名中学生,回收有效问卷3 428份,问卷有效率为92.7%。中学生尝试吸烟率为11.8%;现在吸烟率为4.3%,男生现在吸烟率为6.1%,高于女生现在吸烟率1.7%(P<0.001)。中学生电子烟的尝试使用率为8.0%,现在使用率为3.7%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男生(OR=2.730,1.741-4.280)、职高生(OR=2.065,1.408-3.031)、每周零花钱多于30元(OR=1.550,1.058-2.270)、父母中有人吸烟(OR=3.182,1.753-5.775)、好朋友中有人吸烟(OR=9.675,5.117-18.295)、看到学校有人吸烟(OR=2.273,1.515-3.409)是中学生现在吸烟的影响因素。结论深圳市宝安区中学生现在吸烟率为4.3%,男生、职高生应作为控烟重点人群,并加强家庭—学校—社会无烟环境的创建。

Objective To understand the prevalence of smoking and its influential factors among middle school students in Bao’ an district,Shenzhen,and provide a basis for the further tobacco control work among middle school students.Methods Using multistage stratified cluster random sampling method,13 schools were selected from 67 middle schools in Bao’ an district.The students were investigated by the questionnaire of the China project in Global Youth Tobacco Survey(GYTS) from October to December in 2018.The logistic regression model was used to investigate the influential factors affecting smoking among middle school students.Results A total of 3 700 middle school students were surveyed,and 3 428 valid questionnaires were retrieved,with an effective rate of 92.7%.The rate of attempting smoking among the middle school students was 11.8%,the current smoking rate was 4.3%,and the current smoking rate of boys was 6.1 %,which was higher than 1.7% of girls(P<0.001).The rate of attempting using e-cigarettes among the middle school students was 8.0%,and current rate of using e-cigarettes 3.7%.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that boys(OR=2.730,1.741-4.280),vocational high school students(OR=2.065,1.408-3.031),weekly pocket money more than 30 RMB(OR=1.550,1.058-2.270),parents who smoke(OR=3.182,1.753-5.775),close friends who smoke(OR=9.675,5.117-18.295),and seeing someone smoking in school(OR=2.273,1.515-3.409) were the influential factors of current smoking behavior among middle school students.Conclusions The proportion of current smokers among middle school students in Bao’ an district of Shenzhen is 4.3%.Boys and vocational high school students should be the key populations under smoke control,and the establishment of a home-school-social smoke-free environment should be strengthened.