重视甲状腺相关眼病的基础研究和药物研发

The importance of basic research and drug development for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

甲状腺相关眼病(TAO)是一种器官特异性自身免疫性疾病,发病机制复杂,近年来关于TAO发病机制研究已取得长足的进步,对其发病和进展的免疫机制和分子基础有了深入的了解和认识,包括相关的自身抗原、淋巴细胞、炎性因子和自身免疫的靶组织,即眼眶成纤维细胞(OF)的作用和生物学行为的新概念等。基于TAO的发病机制研究,近年来靶向TAO发病机制不同环节的诊疗研究为TAO的治疗带来了新的希望,一些新的靶向生物制剂和免疫抑制剂也逐渐进入临床试验并呈现出良好的效果和较少的不良反应。虽然TAO的相关研究成果令人兴奋,但是多数新药仍未达到广泛用于临床的阶段,TAO的无创治疗仍是我们面临的巨大挑战。我们应在前期研究的基础上进一步加强TAO基础研究,完善TAO的动物模型建立方法,全面认识其发病机制,进一步研发更具针对性的治疗药物,开展TAO的精准临床诊疗研究,改善患者预后。

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO)is an organ specific autoimmune disease with complex pathogenesis.In recent years,great progress has been made in the pathogenesis of TAO primarily in immune and molecular mechanism aspects,including related autoantigens,lymphocytes,inflammatory factors,and autoimmune target tissue,that is,the role and biological behavior of orbital fibroblasts.Accordingly,various biological agents and immunosuppressive agents have emerged in an endless stream and have shown good effects and safety in clinical trials.Some important researches seem to be promising,but many novel therapies still are not extensively applied in clinical practice up to now.Therefore,it is of great significance to strengthen the basic research of TAO,fully understand its pathogenesis,research and develop more targeting drugs and precise clinical diagnosis and management of TAO,as well as improve the prognosis of patients.