海南某化工园区大气VOCs组成、来源及健康风险

Characteristics, Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere of a Chemical Industrial Park in Hainan

为探究海南某化工园区大气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的污染特征、来源及健康风险,利用热脱附-气相色谱/串联质谱法对该化工园区22个空气样品中的VOCs进行分析。结果显示,在研究区域共检出18种VOCs,夏季和春季大气VOCs的平均质量浓度分别为64.7μg/m3和177.5μg/m3,主要特征污染物分别为乙酸乙酯(45.18%)和丙酮(77.83%)。源解析显示,夏季大气VOCs主要来源为汽车尾气排放、石油化工源和工业过程源,贡献率分别为44.95%、18.96%和15.49%;春季主要来源为溶剂使用和挥发、化石燃料燃烧、工业过程源和石油化工源,贡献率分别为33.81%、15.58%、13.55%和9.48%。健康风险评价分析表明,春夏两季大气中VOCs对人体造成的致癌风险均在可接受范围内,夏季大气中的苯和二氯甲烷以及春季大气中的苯对人体具有一定的致癌风险。

To explore the pollution characteristics, sources and health risks of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in the atmosphere of a chemical industrial park in Hainan, VOCs in 22 air samples in the park were analyzed by thermal desorptionGC/MS/MS. The results showed that 18 kinds of VOCs were quantified in the study area, and average concentrations of VOCs in spring and summer were 64.7μg/m^3 and 177.5μg/m^3, respectively. The main pollutants were ethyl acetate(45.18%,for summer) and acetone(77.83%, for spring). Source apportionment showed that the main sources of VOCs were automobile exhaust emission, petrochemical source and industrial production, the contribution rate were 44.95%, 18.96% and 15.49%,respectively. The main sources of air VOCs in spring were solvent usage and volatilization, fossil fuel combustion, industrial production, and petrochemical source, with the contribution rate as 33.81%, 15.58%, 13.55% and 9.48%, respectively. Health risk assessment showed that the non-carcinogenic risks of VOCs in the atmosphere in spring and summer were within acceptable limits. Benzene and dichloromethane in summer and benzene in spring were associated with a certain risk of cancer.