交趾黄檀和奥氏黄檀木材解剖构造比较

Comparison of Wood Anatomical Structures between Dalbergia cochinchinensis and Dalbergia oliveri

通过观察比较交趾黄檀和奥氏黄檀木材的宏观、显微构造;结合图像测量分析系统测定、分析各种细胞的形态特征。结果表明,两者均为散孔材,生长轮明显;心材均黄褐色至红褐色;管孔类型均以单管孔为主,偶见径列复管孔;管孔内红褐色树胶明显。交趾黄檀导管细胞以圆柱形细胞为主,而奥氏黄檀导管细胞以鼓形导管细胞为主,两者均有矩形细胞,而纺锤形细胞只在交趾黄檀中可见。两者木纤维均腔小壁厚,壁腔比分别为0.72和0.57;木纤维细胞在横切面均以椭圆形、多角形为主;在纵切面呈纺锤形,少数奥氏黄檀木纤维末端呈树枝状分歧。两者轴向薄壁细胞丰富,在横切面上为同心层式窄带状,其中交趾黄檀在宽度上较奥氏黄檀多1~2个细胞。纵切面上均呈长方形或近似长方形。交趾黄檀和奥氏黄檀木射线均由横卧射线细胞组成,两者木射线高度相对接近,两者长宽比分别为6.08和9.23,即前者长宽比较后者小。交趾黄檀和奥氏黄檀均含分室含晶细胞,前者结晶细胞较后者少。

The macroscopical and microscopic structures of the woods of Dalbergia cochinchinensis and D.oliveri were observed and compared.Combined with the image measurement and analysis system,the morphological characteristics of various cells were determined and analyzed.The results showed that the woods of D.cochinchinensis and D.oliveri were porous materials with obvious growth rings;the heartwoods of two species were yellowish brown to reddish brown;the types of tube holes were mainly single tube type,occasionally double tube type with diameter row;the red brown gum in the tube holes was obvious.The D.cochinchinensis vessel cells were mainly cylindrical,while the D.oliveri vessel cells were mainly drum duct,both of which were rectangular,while spindle-shaped cells were only visible in D.cochinchinensis.Both wood fibers had a thick wall and a wall cavity ratio of 0.72 and 0.57,respectively.From the cross-section,wood fiber cells were mainly elliptical and polygonal.From the longitudinal aspect,it was spindleshaped,and occasionally the end of the aul-rosewood fiber was dendritic.The two woods were rich in axial thin-walled cells,with a concentric layer of narrow bands on the transverse plane,in which the D.cochinchinensis had 1-2 more cells in width than D.oliveri.The longitudinal section was rectangular or approximately rectangular.The wood rays were composed of transverse ray cells.The height of the wood ray dimensions was relatively close.The aspect ratios of the two woodswere 6.08 and 9.23,respectively,i.e.,the length and width of the former was smaller than the latter.The two woods contained chain crystalline cells,and the former crystal cells were less than the latter.