蚜虫传播非持久性病毒的取食行为调控机制

The regulatory mechanism of aphid feeding behaviors associated with the transmission of nonpersistent viruses

蚜虫能够传播上百种植物病毒,是最重要的农业介体昆虫之一。蚜虫在刺探和取食植物过程中,唾液组分会连同附着在口针中的病毒粒子一同被分泌进入植物内,在调节植物诱导抗性、病毒侵染扩散、介体昆虫行为等过程中均有重要作用。本文围绕蚜虫传播病毒和获取病毒2个关键过程,总结分析了蚜虫独特的刺吸取食行为与传毒效率和获毒效率之间的联系;针对取食活动中关键的唾液蛋白在调控植物免疫抗性、帮助病毒侵染过程中的功能,阐述了蚜虫高效传播非持久病毒的分子基础;针对蚜虫的获毒过程,综述了病毒侵染植物间接调控蚜虫趋向和行为的作用方式。这些研究的开展将为解释蚜虫和病毒协同侵染的分子机制以及有效开展基于蚜虫取食行为调控的病虫害防控新技术提供思路。

Aphids can transmit hundreds of plant viruses, which are considered as one of the most important virus-vectors in agriculture. In the process of probing and feeding on plants, the aphid saliva and the viral particles attached to the stylet are simultaneously secreted into the plant tissues, causing substantial consequences to plant defenses, the virus infection as well as the feeding efficiency of insect vectors. This review focuses on two crucial processes associated with virus transmission and acquisition by aphids, and tries to establish the relationships between the feeding behavior of aphids and the efficiency of virus transmission and acquisition. The functions of aphid salivary proteins in regulating plant resistance and favoring virus infection have been reviewed, which provide the molecular basis underlying the transmission of non-persistent viruses by aphids. Furthermore, the mechanisms bow the virus regulates the host preference and feeding behavior of aphids during virus acquisition process by aphids were also discussed. In the cases of aphid and virus co-infection, these studies provide novel ideas in preventing and eliminating plant diseases and pest insects based on the regulation of the feeding activities of insect vectors.