重载铁路隧道入口棚洞结构对运煤火车扬尘影响的数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation Study on the Action Mechanism of Tunnel Entrance Structure on Coal Transport Train Dust

重载列车在运煤的过程中具有运输量大、运输速度稳定、快速、运输价格便宜的优点,但是重载列车在通过隧道的入口处会产生强大的扰流,导致车内煤粉扬起,而且还会受到隧道压力波和活塞风的影响。文章应用数值模拟的方法模拟速度为80 km/h的火车分别进入无棚洞结构隧道和有棚洞结构隧道时列车周围的气体流动状况,研究相同速度下有无棚洞结构对高速列车周围流场的影响及车上1 mm处扬尘粒径的大小。并通过对比不同时刻相同位置的压力、速度和流场,得出当高速列车进入有棚洞结构的隧道时,隧道内向外流动的气流状态有利于减轻列车扬尘的结论。

Heavy haul trains have the advantages of large volume,stable speed,fast speed and cheap transportation in the process of coal transportation,but high-speed trains will produce strong spoiler at the entrance through the tunnel,which will lead to pulverized coal in the vehicle,and will also be affected by tunnel pressure wave and piston wind.By means of numerical simulation,it studies the gas flow around the train when the train with speed of 80 km/h enters the tunnel with and without shed structures respectively,and also research the influence of the shed tunnel structure on the flow field around the heavy haul train at the same speed and the dust particle size at 1 mm on vehicle.By comparing the pressure,velocity and flow field at the same position at different times,it is concluded that when the heavy haul train enters the tunnel with shed tunnel structure,the airflow state flowing towards to the tunnel exit is beneficial to reduce the dust raising problem.