城市地下应急避难空间一体化规划体系构想

Conception of Integrated Planning System of Urban Underground Emergency Shelter Space

文章首先调研国内外城市应急避难空间规划及应急避难空间现状。然后研究城市地下公共空间环境稳定、防护能力高、交通发达、设施完备、与城市结合紧密等特点,并分析其在现有城市应急避难规划中的定位。在此基础上,提出综合型、单元型的综合城市地下应急避难空间,对其使用功能、安全、监控、疏散、供给、防火、防水等要素提出规划管控要求,作为地上应急避难场所的补充分级系统。最后,将地下空间融合到应急避难体系中去,为城市提供安全的防灾、避难、缓冲、配套、转运空间,建立上下一体的城市综合应急避难体系。

Firstly,the current situation of urban emergency shelter space planning and emergency shelter space at home and abroad are investigated.Then,the characteristics of urban underground public space,such as stable environment,high protection capacity,developed traffic,complete facilities,close integration with the city are studied,and its positioning in the existing urban emergency shelter planning is analyzed.Based on that,comprehensive and unit type underground emergency shelter spaces in the city are proposed,and the planning and control requirements for its use function,safety,monitoring,evacuation,supply,fire prevention,waterproof and other elements are put forward as a supplementary classification system for the above ground emergency shelter.Finally,the underground space is integrated into the emergency shelter system to provide safe disaster prevention,shelter,buffer,supporting and transit space for the city,establishing an integrated urban emergency shelter system.