农民市民化发展历程与现实启示

Development Course and Practical Enlightenment of Citizenization of Farmers

促进农业人口市民化是推进人的城镇化题中应有之意。我国农民市民化经历了起步与停滞、起步与发展、“以人为核心”的新型城镇化等3个发展阶段。有效促进农民市民化,在扩大消费拉动投资、促进经济增长,促进产业结构调整、倒逼产业转型,促进城乡融合发展、推动乡村振兴,减少社会不稳定因素、促进社会和谐等方面发挥着重要作用。但在过去几十年的发展中,人口城镇化的速度与效率远远落后于空间城镇化,大量农业转移人口难以融入城市社会,市民化进程滞后。要有效推动农民市民化,必须多措并举提高农民市民化质量,保障农民顺利融入城市。

To promote the citizenization of the migrant agricultural population is an essential part of promoting the ur⁃banization of people.The citizenization of farmers in China has gone through three stages of development,namely,the beginning and stagnation of citizenization of farmers,the beginning and development of citizenization of migrant workers,and the new urbanization stage of“people-oriented”.Effectively promoting citizenization of farmers plays an important role in expanding consumption to stimulate investment,promoting economic growth,promoting industri⁃al restructuring,forcing industrial transformation,promoting integrated urban and rural development,promoting rural revitalization,reducing factors of social instability,and promoting social harmony.However,in the past decades of development,the speed and efficiency of population urbanization lags far behind that of spatial urbanization,a large number of migrant agricultural population cannot integrate into urban society,and the process of citizenization lags behind.To effectively promote the citizenization of farmers,wmultiple measures must be toke to improve the quality of citizenization of farmers and ensure their smooth integration into cities.