浅析第三人惊吓打击侵权行为的认定

On the Identification of the Nervous Shock of the Third Party on Tort

在第三人惊吓打击案件中,我国法院以侵害健康权为标准判断行为不法性之所在具有固有缺陷。究其根本,惊吓打击行为侵害第三人精神安宁权,使之遭受精神打击造成精神痛苦。应根据加害行为人对直接受害人主观状态过错类型,结合“时空上的关联性”、“亲身感知方式”和“直接受害人损害后果具有严重性”等要素探讨其对第三人的主观过错的认定标准。

In the cases of the third person shock attack,the court of our country takes whether the right to health is damaged as the judgment standard of the illegality of the act,which has inherent defects.The basic reason is that the act of shock attack infringes on the third party's right of spiritual peace,which makes them suffer from mental attack and cause mental pain.According to the types of the perpetrator's fault to the subjective state of the direct victim,combined with the elements of"spatiotemporal relevance","personal perception mode"and"the severity of the direct victim's damage consequence",this paper discusses the identification standard of the third party's subjective fault.