服务业开放与制造业企业生产率

Opening of the Service Industry and the Manufacturing Enterprises Productivity

利用世界银行提供的表征服务业开放度的服务贸易限制指数,并结合中国部门投入产出表,测度制造业行业层面的真实服务开放度,在此基础上从制造业企业微观层面计量检验扩大服务开放对生产率的影响。结果表明,扩大服务业开放对中国制造业企业生产率提升具有显著的促进作用;上述结论在基于关键指标重新测度、消除可能极端值以及利用工具变M解决可能的内生性问题后依然稳健;促进效应主要通过制造业服务化水平提升、制造业企业成本节约以及技术溢出效应等具体机制而发挥作用。

Using the Service Trade Restriction Index,which characterizes the openness of the service industry,provided by the World Bank,combined with the input-output table of Chinas sectors,this paper measures the true service openness at the manufacturing industry.Results show th at,firstly,the expansion of the opening upof the service industry has a significant role in promoting the productivity of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.Secondly,the above conclusions are based on key indicators to re-measure,eliminate possible extreme values,and use instrumental variables to solve possible endogenous problems.After that,it is still stable.Thirdly,the above-mentioned promotion effects mainly play a role through specific mechanisms such as the improvement of the service level of enterprises,and the technology spillover effect.