全光照下覆盖不同颜色薄膜对越橘光合特性和果实品质的影响

Effects of different color films covering on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of blueberry under full illumination

以越橘品种‘双丰’为试材,通过对植株覆盖白、紫、蓝、黄和红色塑料薄膜,研究了全光照下覆盖不同颜色薄膜对越橘光合能力及果实品质的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,全光照下覆盖蓝膜的越橘净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)均升高,且电子传递的量子产额(φEo)、单位PSII叶绿素天线可还原QA的反应中心的数量(RC/ABS)、最大光化学效率(φPo)和以吸收光能为基础的性能指数(PIABS)显著升高。而覆盖紫膜、黄膜和红膜的越橘Pn、PIABS和RC/ABS均显著降低,φPo、ψo和φEo不同程度降低。全光照下覆盖紫膜和红膜提高果实可溶性糖含量,也增加有机酸含量;而蓝膜下糖含量升高,酸含量降低,糖酸比达到最大。全光照下覆盖蓝膜显著提高蛋白质含量,覆盖紫膜和黄膜抑制蛋白质积累。全光照下紫膜和蓝膜促进花色苷的积累,红膜则不利于花色苷的合成。据此,全光照下覆盖蓝色薄膜促进越橘气孔开放,提高光合速率和电子传递效率,叶片光合能力优于覆盖红膜、紫膜和黄膜,最有利于果实品质的形成。

Effects of different colors film covering on photosynthesis and fruit quality of blueberry under full illumination were investigated by covering’Sweetheart’blueberry plants with white,purple,blue,yellow,and red films.The results showed that net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)were higher by covering blue film that of than the control.In addition,the quantum yield for electron transport(φEo),the number of reaction centers reducing QA by chlorophyll antenna per unit PSII(RC/ABS),the maximum quantum yield for primary photochemistry(φPo)and the performance index on absorption basis(PIABS)were also higher than those of the control.Compared with the control,Pn,PIABS and RC/ABS declined significantly with purple,yellow and red films under full illumination.The soluble sugar and organic acid contents of the fruit increased simultaneously with purple and red flims,and sugar-acid ratio increased with blue film because of soluble sugar content increasing and the acid content decreasing.The protein content improved significantly by covering blue film,whereas reduced by covering purple and yellow film compared to the control.Purple and blue film covering promoted the accumulation of anthocyanins,while red film covering wasn’t conducive to the synthesis of anthocyanins.In conclusion,stomatal opening were promoted,as well as photosynthetic rate and electron transport rate were increased by covering blue film,and superior photosynthetic capacity was better than purple,yellow and red film covering,which was most conducive to the formation of fruit quality.