家庭禀赋视域下农户秸秆还田意愿与行为悖离研究--兼论生态认知的调节效应

The paradox between farmers’willingness and their behaviors of straw-return-to-field practice from the perspective of family endowment and the analysis of the moderating effects of farmers’ecological cognition

秸秆还田是当前促进秸秆规模化集中利用的有效手段和现实选择,而农户还田意愿与行为的悖离是还田技术推广的严重阻碍。农户作为经济人,是否还田是权衡家庭禀赋后的理性选择,而生态认知也会在家庭禀赋基础上对农户还田“意愿-行为”转化过程进行调节,从而抑制或诱发悖离现象。本文基于2017-2018年在湖北省、安徽省、河北省的农户调查数据,立足家庭禀赋视角,分析了农户还田意愿与行为相悖的原因,检验了生态认知的调节效应。结果表明:1)农户秸秆还田意愿与行为之间存在悖离,85.5%的农户具有还田意愿,而实际还田的农户仅占58.2%;2)农户家庭禀赋水平提升可以在一定程度上抑制还田意愿与行为的悖离;3)生态认知在农户还田意愿向行为转化中发挥调节效应,高生态认知农户比低生态认知农户更有意识和能力促成还田意愿付诸实践;4)不同类型农户的还田悖离特征存在差异,高受助农户和大规模户不易产生还田悖离。

Returning straw to field is an effective way and realistic choice to promote the large-scale centralized utilization of straw.While an obstacle to the extension of straw return technology is the paradox between farmers’willingness and their behaviors.As rational people,whether to return straw is a rational decision for farmers after weighing in family endowment.Besides,ecological cognition can also moderate the transformation between farmers’willingness and their behaviors.These results in the contradiction between farmers’willingness and behaviors.Based on the perspective of family endowment and the rural household survey in Hubei,Anhui and Hebei Province in 2017-2018,this paper analyzed the reasons for the paradox and tested the moderating effect of ecological cognition.Results show that:1)there is a significant paradox between farmers’willingness and behaviors of straw return.85.5%of the farmers are willing to return straw while only 58.2%of the farmers actually did it;2)the improvement of family endowment can restrain the paradox;3)ecological cognition has moderating effect in the transformation between farmers’willingness and their behaviors.Farmers with high ecological cognition have more consciousness and abilities to promote the willingness to adopt straw return practice than those with low ecological cognition;and 4)different types of farmers have different characteristics of paradox.Farmers who have received more help and with large-scale operations are less likely to behave the paradox。