数字鸿沟的新样态考察——基于多层线性模型的我国居民移动互联网使用沟研究

Ongoing Digital Inequality:Research on the Difference of Mobile Internet Usage of Chinese Residents Based on Hierarchical Linear Modeling

随着信息成为一种权力来源,数字鸿沟问题日益成为信息社会的焦点。在接入沟逐渐缩小的当下,信息贫富分化更主要来源于互联网使用差异,使用沟成为新的关键问题。为更好理解我国居民移动互联网使用沟的表征与成因,本文基于北京师范大学"2019全国居民媒介使用与媒介观调查",引入多层次线性模型,分析地区因素和个体社会结构性因素对移动互联网使用类型差异的影响。研究发现:地区经济发展水平越高,居民信息获取型和娱乐互动型行为频率越高,但地区因素对信息获取型行为影响力小于娱乐互动型行为;高学历群体信息获取型和娱乐互动型行为频率较高,高收入群体娱乐互动型行为频率较高,但收入群体间的娱乐互动频率差异在经济水平高的地区逐渐被弥合。不论是信息还是娱乐,经济发达地区居民以及高社会经济地位群体,对移动互联网的使用都更充分,这表明互联网多元化的使用正代替使用类型差异成为数字不平等的重要景象。

As information becomes a source of power,the problem of digital divide becomes the focus of information society.With the gradual narrowing of the access gap,the gap between the information rich and the poor is mainly caused by the difference in the use of the Internet,and the use gap has become a new key issue.In order to better understand the characteristics and causes of mobile Internet use gap among Chinese residents,this paper introduces a hierarchical linear modeling based on the"2019 national survey on media use and media perception"conducted by Beijing normal university,and analyzes the influence of regional factors and individual social structural factors on the differences in mobile Internet use types.It is found that the higher the level of regional economic development,the higher the frequency of residents’information acquisition and entertainment interaction behaviors,but the influence of regional factors on information acquisition behaviors is less than that of entertainment interaction behaviors.The frequency of information acquisition and entertainment interaction is higher in the highly educated group,while the frequency of entertainment interaction is higher in the high-income group.Whether it is information or entertainment,residents in economically developed regions and groups of high socio-economic status are using the mobile Internet more fully,which indicates that the diversified use of the Internet is replacing the differences in use types as an important picture of digital inequality.