改革开放以来党对民营企业家的政治吸纳与整合研究

Research on the CPC’s Political Absorption and Integration of Private Entrepreneurs since Reform and Opening up

改革开放以来,为了促进经济发展与政治稳定,中国共产党对民营企业家实行了政治吸纳与整合的策略。这种政治吸纳与整合,是中国共产党在社会主要矛盾发生变化以及党和国家战略重心转移下的策略调适,是适应社会阶级阶层结构变化、巩固党执政的阶级基础和群众基础的必然选择,也是增强中国共产党的适应性、巩固执政基础与提升执政绩效的必然选择,并受到中国“和合文化”传统的深刻影响。中国共产党主要通过调整意识形态策略、选择性吸纳部分民营企业家入党、积极推动民营企业党组织建设和对代表性民营企业家作出政治安排这四个途径实现对民营企业家的政治吸纳与整合。中国共产党基于改革开放战略的需要与对自身能力的自信,对民营企业家采取的政治吸纳与整合方式,在运行过程中受到民营企业家阶层特征和政治文化传统的影响,呈现出政治吸纳主体与对象的不同行为选择,两者之间的地位具有明显的非对称性特点。

Since reform and opening up,in order to promote economic development and political stability,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has adopted the strategy of political absorption and integration for private entrepreneurs.This political absorption and integration is the strategic adjustment of the CPC under the change of the main social contradictions and the shift of the party’s and national strategic focus.It is an inevitable choice to adapt to the change of social class structure and consolidate the class and mass basis of the party’s ruling.It is also an inevitable choice to enhance the adaptability of the CPC,consolidate the ruling foundation and improve the ruling performance.It is deeply influenced by the Chinese political and cultural tradition of“He-he”.The CPC realizes the political absorption and integration of private entrepreneurs mainly through four ways:adjusting ideological strategy,selectively absorbing some private entrepreneurs to join the party,actively promoting the construction of party organizations in private enterprises and making political arrangements for representative private entrepreneurs.Based on the need of reform and opening up strategy and the self-confidence in its own ability,the CPC has adopted the strategy of political absorption and integration for the private entrepreneurs,which is influenced by the characteristics of the private entrepreneurs’stratum and the tradition of political culture,showing different behavior choices between the subject and the object of political absorption,and the status between the two has obvious non-symmetry.