农村集体产权制度改革:总体目标、阶段进展与后续挑战

The General Goals,Stage Progress and Follow-up Challenges of Rural Collective Property Rights System Reform

从农民工乡城迁移和农业农村转型发展的现实需要出发,党的十八大以来,党中央、国务院以赋予农民更多财产权利、激发农业农村发展活力为总体目标,对农村集体产权制度改革进行了部署。目前,农村集体产权制度改革主要完成了包括承包地、宅基地在内的各类农村集体资产的分类确权登记颁证,以及在“三权分置”政策设计下对集体成员的承包地、宅基地财产权利和集体经营性资产股份收益的有限还权赋能。从改革进展和实践发展看,下一步农村集体产权制度改革,需要应对如何协调政策多目标冲突、如何提高改革的整体性、如何在更大范围优化资源配置等三个方面的挑战。

Starting from the realistic needs of rural-urban migration of migrant workers and the transformation and development of agriculture and rural areas,since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have deployed the reform of rural collective property rights system with the overall goal of giving farmers more property rights and stimulating the vitality of agricultural and rural development.At present,the reform of the rural collective property rights system has mainly completed the classification,confirmation,registration and certification of various types of rural collective assets,including contracted land and homesteads,as well as the allocation of limited rights to the contracted land and homestead property rights of collective members and the share income of collective operating assets under the policy design of"three rights division".From the perspective of reform progress and practical development,the next step of rural collective property rights system reform is mainly faced with three challenges:how to coordinate multi-objective conflicts of the policies,how to improve the integrity of the reform,and how to optimize resource allocation on a larger scale.