我国养老服务体系发展:从医养结合到整合照护

The Development of the Elderly Care Service System of China:from the Combination of Medical Care and Nursing to the Integrated Care

在政府倡导及国家政策的大力推动下,医养结合已成为我国养老服务体系发展的核心理念。调查发现,基于不同老人养老需求和服务机构的服务供给定位,目前的养老服务体系已呈现多样化的医养结合养老服务子体系,如“护养”“医护养”“医康养”“医康护养”等,主要表现在服务内容上医、养资源的部分整合。对比西方发达国家基于服务整合等理论下的整合照护模式,结合我国的养老服务实践,我国养老服务应向整合照护发展,实现医、养资源的深度整合。这就需要转变观念,树立整合照护的理念;强化政府主导作用,增强府际合作;构建整合型照护服务体系、多元化养老支付体系和监督评估体系。

With the government initiative and the enormous promotion of the country′s policy,the combination of medical care and nursing has become the core concept of the development of our country′s elderly care system.The investigation has found that the present elderly care service system,based on the elderly care needs of different seniors and the service supply positioning of the service units,has taken on diversified branch systems of the combination of medical care and nursing,such as"care","medical care",and"medical and health care",which are mainly reflected in the partial combination of medical care and nursing resources in service content.Compared with the integrated care model based on the theory of service integration in Western developed countries,combined with the practice of pension service in China,the elderly care service in China should develop towards the integrated care and realize the deep integration of medical and nursing resources.It is necessary to change the ideas and establish the concept of integrated care;strengthen the leading role of the government and promote intergovernmental cooperation;build an integrated care service system,a diversified pension payment system and a supervision and evaluation system.