新世纪农民进城题材小说对“故乡”与“他乡”关系的建构——以陈仓和付秀莹的创作为中心

The Construction of the Relationship Between"Homeland"and"Other Land"in the Novels of Farmers Going to Cities in the New Century--Centered on Chen Cang′s and Fu Xiuying′s Related Literary Creations

改革开放以来,农民进城题材小说创作较多沉溺于“渴望+苦难”的叙事模式。新世纪以来,陈仓与付秀莹的相关创作则表现出对该模式的超越趋向,为如何将“他乡”(城市)转变为“故乡”提出建构思路。但同时,因作家经验的个体性、反思的滞后性以及创作思维的惯性等,二者在城市(他乡)意象与乡村(故乡)意象塑造中,又表现出对既有创作模式的沿袭,使“故乡”与“他乡”之间的建构路径最终蹈空。归根结底,其原因在于作家们代际性地日益脱离鲜活真实的乡土现场。只有准确把握乡土中国向城乡中国的时代转型,获取当下真切的乡土经验,相关文学创作才可能有所创新和突破。

Since the reform and opening-up,the creations of the novels about farmers in cities have abandoned themselves to farmer′s thirst for city and their suffering in cities.Since the new century,Chen Cang′s and Fu Xiuying′s related creations present a transcending trend,which means raising a train of thought on building cities(other-lands)into homelands.But at the same time,because of the individuality of their writing experiences,the lag of their reflection,and the conventional thinking of their creation,they two show the inheritance from the existing writing pattern when they build city image and country image in their fiction.The path construction between homelands and other-lands becomes baseless eventually.The reason is that writers increasingly separate themselves from the real living rural scene.Only when they grasp China′s transformation from rural to urbanized and acquire the living experiences from the countryside,they maybe can make a breakthrough on related literature creation.