肠道微生态与人类免疫缺陷病毒潜伏库维持的研究进展

Progress in intestinal microbiota and maintenance of HIV latent reservoir

病毒潜伏库是指在免疫反应和抗病毒治疗条件下,病毒潜藏而不被清除的细胞或组织场所。人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)在急性感染早期,即病毒感染后几天内即可形成病毒潜伏库,即使经过长期的抗病毒治疗,一旦停药后病人外周血又可检出病毒,是目前艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)治愈的主要障碍之一。近年来,病毒潜伏库的建立、维持机制、大小的测量以及如何有效地清除被广泛地研究。肠道微生态失衡也已证明与多种疾病相关,如心脑血管疾病、糖尿病、艾滋病等。本文就HIV病毒潜伏库的建立、维持及其与肠道微生态的相互关系进行综述。

Virus latent reservoir is a cellular or anatomical site where the virus is lurked but not cleared under the condition of host immune response and antiviral treatments.HIV reservoirs establish within days of HIV acute infection.Even under long-term antiviral treatment(ART),the viral RNA can still be detected in the peripheral blood of a patient once the therapy is discontinued,which is one of the main obstacles in the cure of AIDS.Recently,the establishment,maintenance,measurement techniques of reservoir size,and effective clearance of viral reservoirs have been extensively exploited.In addition,intestinal microbiota has been reported to be correlated to various diseases,such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,diabetes,AIDS,and etc.Here we review the mechanisms involved in viral reservoir establishment and maintenance,as well as the correlation between the intestinal microbiota and latent reservoir of HIV.