腐植酸土壤调理剂对黄河三角洲盐碱土化学性状及小麦产量的影响

Humic Acid Soil Conditioner:Effects on Chemical Properties of Saline-alkali Soil and Wheat Yield in the Yellow River Delta

为研究腐植酸土壤调理剂对黄河三角洲盐碱土的改良效果,通过腐植酸土壤调理剂与常规肥料配伍,在黄河三角洲盐碱土壤上进行3年小麦定位试验。结果表明:施用腐植酸土壤调理剂能够改善土壤化学性状。与常规施肥相比,施用腐植酸土壤调理剂后,土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别提高3.8%~5.0%、8.6%~12.0%、16.4%~29.2%、27.3%~30.7%。腐植酸土壤调理剂能够改良土壤盐碱障碍,相比常规施肥处理,pH降低0.30~0.43个单位,碱化度降低4.6%~27.2%,脱盐率为17.28%~23.53%,钠离子含量降低15.4%~42.7%,氯离子含量降低20.7%~37.6%。2250 kg/hm^2和3000 kg/hm^2土壤调理剂施用量间均无显著差异。腐植酸土壤调理剂能够提高小麦产量,与常规施肥相比,小麦产量提高7.47%~25.83%。综上,施用腐植酸土壤调理剂2250 kg/hm^2是改良黄河三角洲盐碱土以及提高小麦产量的最佳用量。

Delta,humic acid soil conditioner was combined with conventional fertilizer,and a 3-year wheat positioning test on saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta was carried out.The results showed that:the humic acid soil conditioner could improve soil chemical properties;compared with conventional fertilization,the soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed N,available P and available K was increased by 3.8%-5.0%,8.6%-12.0%,16.4%-29.2%and 27.3%-30.7%,respectively,in soil treated by humic acid soil conditioner;compared with conventional fertilization,humic acid soil conditioner could improve soil salinity barrier,the soil pH was reduced by 0.30-0.43 units,soil exchangeable sodium percentage was reduced by 4.6%-27.2%,the desalination rate was 17.28%-23.53%,the content of soil Na+and Cl-was reduced by 15.4%-42.7%and20.7%-37.6%,respectively;there was no significant difference between humic acid soil conditioner application of 2250 kg/hm^2 and 3000 kg/hm^2;compared with conventional fertilization,the wheat yield of soil applied with humic acid soil conditioner could increase by 7.47%-25.83%.In conclusion,humic acid soil conditioner of 2250 kg/hm^2 is regarded as the optimum dosage to improve the saline-alkali soil and increase wheat yield in the Yellow River Delta.