韩汉对音材料中的转写规则——兼论借助韩汉对音材料研究汉语音的注意事项

The Transcription Rules of Korean- Chinese Voice material-- Also Discuss the Precautions ofthe Study on Chinese with Korean- Chinese Voice material

韩国朝鲜时代学者以谚文转写汉语音有一定规则:以基本符号转写全清、次清、次浊音和单韵母,以组合符号转写全浊音与复韵母。谚文创制初,转写符号与所转写的语音之间基本上是一对一的关系。但是语音变化后,在原有规则指导下,有些转写符号所代表的语音内容发生变化,导致部分转写符号与所转写语音之间变为一对多的关系。那么研究对音材料中的汉语音时,要注意区别转写符号系统与所转写对象的关系,不能单纯地将转写符号体系与汉语音系统对等。

Korean scholars wrote Chinese in Xunmin Zhengyin(《训民正音》), leaving posterior much Korean-Chinese Voice material to study modern Chinese. They have a certain rule in translating Chinese, i.e., they use the basic symbols to write unvoiced, sub-voiceless, sub-voiced and single-final, and use the combined symbols to transfer the full voiced and complex finals. At the beginning of the creation of the Zhengyin, the transfer symbol and the transcribed voice basically belong to the one-to-one relationship. However, Chinese is changing and developing. Under the guidance of the original rules, the voice content represented by some transliteration symbols changes, resulting in the relationship between the partially transcoded symbols and the transliterated voice becoming one-to-many. Then, when we study the Korean-Chinese voice material, we must pay attention to the relationship between the transcription system and the object to be transferred. We cannot simply equate the system of transliteration with the Chinese language system.