柚皮中柚皮苷提取条件优化及其贮藏条件分析

Optimization on Extraction Conditions of Naringin from Pomelo Peel and Analysis of Storage Condition

为充分利用柚皮资源,以琯溪蜜柚皮为原料,采用开水冲泡和沸水煎煮法提取止咳化痰成分柚皮苷,并用液相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析,研究干燥后及-18℃冷冻期间柚皮水提液中柚皮苷含量的变化规律,为合理利用柚皮提供参考。结果表明,鲜柚皮沸水煎煮15 min水提液中柚皮苷含量最高,可达24.36μg/mL;柚皮干燥后,柚皮水提液中柚皮苷含量下降至14.27μg/mL,柚皮苷有显著降解;鲜柚皮冷冻2,4,6和8个月后,水提液中柚皮苷含量分别为未冻藏时的85.39%,70.69%,65.60%和45.53%,柚皮苷含量冷冻2个月和4个月时下降极显著,冷冻4个月到6个月之间变化不大,6个月以后又快速下降。因此,选择沸水煎煮15 min作为柚皮利用的最佳方法,将鲜柚皮冷冻可有效延缓柚皮苷的降解,冷冻保存不超过6个月为宜。

To make full use of pomelo peel and provide reference for rational utilization of pomelo peel,Guanximi pomelo peel was used as material to extract naringin.Naringin,an antitussive and expectorant component was extracted by brewing and decocting,and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Moreover,the change of naringin content in the aqueous extract of pomelo peel after drying and during freezing at-18℃was studied.The results was indicated that the content of naringin in the water extract of fresh pomelo peel was the highest(24.36μg/mL)after decocting for 15 min.But the content of naringin in the water extract of dried pomelo peel decreased to 14.27μg/mL,and naringin was significantly degraded.After freezing for 2,4,6 and 8 months,the content of naringin in the water extract was 85.39%,70.69%,65.60%and 45.53%of that of unfrozen storage,respectively.The content decreased significantly at 2 and 4 months after freezing,but did not change much from 4 to 6 months,and decreased rapidly after 6 months.Therefore,decocting for 15 min was the best way to use pomelo peel.Freezing the fresh pomelo peel could effectively delay the degradation of naringin,and it was better to keep it for no more than 6 months.