手术室护士上肢肌肉骨骼疾病现况及影响因素分析

The Status and Risk Factor of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Diseases in Operating Room Nurses

目的探讨手术室护士上肢肌肉骨骼疾病流行现状及其影响因素。方法 2019-05/2019-10选取泸州市人民医院和西南医科大学附属医院手术室护士作为调查对象,使用自制一般情况调查问卷和上肢-肩-手功能障碍评分量表(DASH调查表)进行问卷调查。采用SPSS 19.0软件统计进行Pearson相分析、χ2检验或非参数检验及非条件Logistic回归分析。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果共发放问卷267份,有效回收262份(98.13%),包括男性47例(17.94%)、女性215例(82.06%),平均年龄(31.29±5.84)岁,平均DASH评分为(11.41±3.65)分,其中患上肢骨骼肌肉疾病的人员共118例,占45.04%。经非条件Logistic回归分析显示,手术室护士上肢肌肉骨骼疾病的危险因素为女性(OR=2.72,95%CI:1.31~5.67)、每周工作时间≥40 h(OR=1.85,95%CI:1.09~3.15)、工作氛围紧张(OR=2.75,95%CI:1.41~5.39)、无岗位培训(OR=3.03,95%CI:1.61~5.72)以及所在科室为普外(OR=3.66,95%CI:1.62~8.27)、骨科(OR=2.84,95%CI:1.20~6.70)、妇产科(OR=2.82,95%CI:1.01~7.86)。结论加强针对性的人体工效学岗位培训,增加手术室护士配备数量,保证护士休息时间,改善护士工作环境是降低手术室护士上肢肌肉骨骼疾病患病率的主要方法。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of upper limb musculoskeletal diseases in operating room nurses. Methods Operating room nurses of Luzhou People’s Hospital and the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University were chosen as research objects from May to October 2019. The self-made general condition questionnaire and disabilities of the arm,shoulder and hand questionnaire(DASH) were used to explore the influential factors of upper limb musculoskeletal diseases in operating room nurses. Pearson correlation analysis, χ~2 test, non-parameter test and non-conditional Logistic regression analysis were used by using SPSS19.0 statistical software Results A total of 267 questionnaires were issued, and 262(98.13%) were effectively recovered, which were including 47 males(17.94%) and 215 females(82.06%). The average age was 31.29±5.84 years,and the average DASH score was 11.41±3.65. There were 118 patients with skeletal and muscular diseases of the upper limbs,it was accounted for 45.04%. Nonconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that:the risk factors for upper limb musculoskeletal diseases of operating room nurses were women(OR=2.72,95%CI:1.31-5.67),working hours per week ≥40 h(OR=1.85,95%CI:1.09-3.15),tense working atmosphere(OR=2.75,95%CI:1.41-5.39),no job training(OR=3.03,95%CI:1.61-5.72) and the department was general(OR=3.66,95%CI:1.62-8.67),Orthopedics(OR=2.84,95%CI:1.20-6.70),obstetrics and gynecology(OR=2.82, 95% CI: 1.01-7.86). Conclusion We should strengthening targeted ergonomic job training,increasing the number of operating room nurse to ensure their rest time and improving the working environment of nurses are the main methods to reduce the prevalence of upper limb musculoskeletal diseases in operating room nurses.