基于红外光谱与气相色谱耦合的海上溢油鉴别技术

Research of identification method for the oil spills based on ATR-FTIR and GC-FID

随着海洋运输业和海洋资源开采事业的蓬勃发展,海上石油平台非法排污、船舶碰撞以及事故泄漏等突发性溢油事件频繁发生,造成了严重的海洋环境污染和资源浪费。面对日益增大的海上溢油风险,如何通过有效的溢油监测手段及早地发现油污、确定污染范围、查找污染源、预测溢油漂移趋势并及时采取各种有效措施对溢油污染加以控制,减小溢油造成的经济损失和环境危害,是海洋环境科学关注的焦点和热点问题。本文研究多元油指纹的耦合方法,探寻多元油指纹的内在耦合规律,将傅里叶红外光谱与气相色谱相耦合,建立红外光谱与气相色谱油指纹耦合模型,快速准确地确定溢油品种及其来源,实验结果表明,该模型可以准确地区分0#柴油、-35#柴油、大庆原油、内蒙古原油以及120#燃料油,其RSD分别为0.92%、2.68%、1.73%、0.33%、0.61%,每种油样对应的耦合曲线具有唯一性和准确性。可以为修复受损的海洋生态环境及发展海洋突发事件研究的理论体系提供技术支持,为我国海洋防灾减灾和维护国家海洋权益提供科学依据。

With the rapid development of marine transportation and resource exploitation, oil spill incidents occur frequently. How to early detect oil pollution, determine the pollution scope, find the pollution source,predict the trend of oil spill drift and take effective measures to control it through valid monitoring means becomes the focus and hot issue of marine environmental science. In this paper, the coupling method of multiple oil fingerprints is studied, the internal coupling rule of multiple oil fingerprints is explored, and the Fourier infrared spectroscopy is coupled with gas chromatography, so as to establish the oil fingerprint coupling model of infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography, and to identify the type and source of oil spill more quickly and accurately. The results show that this model can accurately identify 0# diesel oil,-35# diesel oil,Daqing crude oil, Inner Mongolia crude oil and 120# fuel oil. The relative standard deviations(RSD, usually used to indicate the accuracy of test results) are 0.92%, 2.68%, 1.73%, 0.33% and 0.61%, respectively. The coupling curve of each oil sample is unique and accurate. So it can provide technical supports for repairing the damaged marine ecological environment and developing the theoretical system of marine emergency research,as well as scientific evidences for China’s marine disaster prevention and reduction and safeguarding national maritime rights and interests.