应用海洋水库技术改善区域自然及供水环境研究——以澳大利亚莫瑞-达令盆地为例

Application of coastal reservoir technology to improve regional natural and water supply environment:a case study of the Murray-Darling Basin in Australia

澳大利亚的莫瑞-达令盆地具有极其重要的经济、资源、环境和生态价值,两条最重要的河流——莫瑞河(River Murray)和达令河(River Darling)横贯其中。近年来,由于"千年干旱"引发了流域内盐度上升、鱼类大量死亡及土壤酸化等一系列生态环境问题,使得下游阿德莱德地区的淡水资源供应更加紧缺。本文吸取下游亚历山大湖水库设计失败的教训,试图通过多用途海洋水库技术改善区域自然环境及供水环境,增加阿德莱德地区高质量淡水供应量,缓解区域河流干涸现象,力求实现区域可持续发展的同时恢复区域环境流量。此外,通过海洋水库技术研究,为改善我国沿海地区的自然环境及供水环境提供相关建议,从而实现我国入海淡水资源的有效管理。

Australia’s Murray-Darling Basin is extremely important for its economic, resource, environmental and ecological values. The two most important rivers-River Murray and River Darling crosses through the basin. In recent years, due to the "millennial drought", a series of ecological and environmental problems such as rising salinity, large fish death events and soil acidification phenomenon have caused a shortage of freshwater resources in the downstream Adelaide region. This paper draws lessons from the failure of the design of the downstream Alexander Lake ’s reservoir, and attempts to improve the regional natural environment and water supply ability through the application of multi-purpose coastal reservoir technology. So that the Adelaide region has sufficient high-quality drinking water supply to alleviate the phenomenon of river dryness in the region. Trying to improve regional natural environment and water supply environment by applying multi-purpose coastal reservoir technology.In addition,through the research of coastal reservoir technology,it provides suggestions for the improvement of natural environment and water supply ability in China’s coastal areas,and realizes the effective management of China’s freshwater resources.