野生黑果枸杞染色体加倍及其多倍体核型分析

Chromosome Doubling and Polyploid Karyotype Analysis of Wild Lycium ruthenium

为了获得四倍体黑果枸杞种质资源,以阿拉善二倍体野生黑果枸杞种子为供试材料,采用传统根尖压片技术,分析确定了该供试材料染色体核型公式为2n=2x=24-6sm+18m,核型不对称系数为59%,属于“2A”型。在此基础上,用秋水仙素溶液对供试材料进行诱导处理,共设不同浓度(0.1%,0.2%,0.3%)和不同处理时间(24h,36h,48h)两因素,并对诱导后的黑果枸杞染色体进行相应的核型分析。结果表明,成功诱导得到的供试材料为四倍体,其核型公式为2n=4x=48=12sm+36m,核型不对称系数为57.57%,属于“2A”型,与二倍体的核型特征极为相似。可见,利用0.2%的秋水仙素溶液诱导48h后,可得到同源四倍体黑果枸杞材料,可为今后黑果枸杞种质资源创制提供理论基础和技术依据。

In order to obtain the tetraploid Lycium ruthenium germplasm resources, taking the seeds of diploid Lycium ruthenium in Alashan as test materials, using traditional tableting method, the results confirmed that the diploid Lycium ruthenium karyotype formula was 2 n=2 x=24=6 sm+18 m, and the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was 59%, which belonged to ’ 2 A’’ type. On this basis, the seeds were treated with colchicine at different concentrations(0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%) and different treatment time(24 h, 36 h, 48 h) and karyotype were analyzed. The results showed that the experimental material was tetraploid after successful induction, the karyotype formula was2 n=4 x=48=12 sm+36 m, and the asymmetry index was 57.57%, which belonged to the ’ 2 A’’ type, its characteristics were similar to the diploid karyotype. It indicated that after treatment with 0.2% colchicine for 48 h, the autotetraploid material Lycium ruthenium could be obtained. The research results can provide the basic theory and technical basis for the germplasm resource innovation of Lycium ruthenium in the future.