国外绿豆种质资源SSR标记的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity of Foreign Mungbean Germplasm Resources by SSR Markers

绿豆是中国食用豆的主要栽培作物之一,近年来生产上使用的品种混杂现象严重,商品性减退,因此有必要引进国外种质,拓宽国内绿豆资源血缘,改良绿豆品种,提高育种效率。利用58对引物对352份国外和27份国内绿豆共379份种质资源进行遗传变异分析发现,共检测到194个等位变异,每对引物的等位基因数从2~7个不等,平均为3.38个,多态信息含量(polymorphism information content, PIC)值平均为0.359 5,还检测到8个稀有等位变异。对来自8个不同地区的绿豆群体进行遗传多样性分析,研究发现,国外绿豆种质的遗传多样性除东亚的PIC值低于中国外,其余均高于中国,俄罗斯的PIC值最高,说明俄罗斯的绿豆资源遗传多样性丰富。聚类结果发现,可以分为4大类:类群A由东南亚、亚蔬中心、南亚、俄罗斯和美国5个群体构成,B为东亚类群,类群C为中国类群,类群D为混合类群。俄罗斯和美国种质的亲缘关系较近,东亚地区的种质有其独特的变异。

Mungbean is one of the major edible legume in China. In recently years the serious of mixture phenomenon and commercial lost, we should to bring in foreign resources, broaden the kinship and improve the breeding efficiency of domestic mungbean germplasm. By used of 58 primers to analysis the genetic diversity of 352 foreign and 27 domestics in all 379 mungbean accessions found that a total of 194 alleles were identified with the average of 3.38 and the average of PIC was 0.36 and other 8 rare allelic variations and one unique variation were identified.The 8 mungbean groups from different areas were used to analysis the genetic diversity. The study found that the number of PIC except of East Asia(0.21), other foreign mungbean groups were all higher than Chinese and the Russian’s PIC value(0.37) was the highest, so Russian mungbean resources have abundant genetic diversity. UPGMA clustering found that 8 groups can be divided into 4 categories: a group included south East Asia, ARC-AVRDC,South Asia, Russia and the United States;B group was East Asia;group C was Chinese;group D was mixed group. The relative of Russia and the United States germplasm were closed and East Asia mungbean resources had unique variations.