煤改醇基燃料锅炉设计工艺及应用案例分析

Design of a coal to alcohol-based fuel boiler and analysis on its application cases

醇基燃料具有燃烧效率高、污染排放低、储存运输方便等优势,其代替煤炭作为锅炉用燃料可充分降低供暖季产生的排放。使用介质压力雾化醇基燃料专用燃烧器对燃煤锅炉进行技术改造,分析了改造原理、运行模式和安全措施,并对市场上具有竞争性的6种清洁能源进行综合对比,结果表明:甲醇取暖炉和空气源热泵的费用年值相当且在清洁热源中处于较低水平,甲醇取暖炉无SO2排放,NOx排放量在清洁热源中最少。以开滦股份范各庄矿业分公司燃煤锅炉改造项目为例,对改造前后的排放量、能耗和经济性进行了分析:改造后锅炉能效提升了35百分点,在供热面积同为41.3万m2的情况下,改造后每年可减少烟尘,SO2和NOx的排放量分别为5,35,21 t;供暖季能耗降低5499 t标准煤,年节省脱硫、除尘成本180万元,供暖成本相对燃煤略有增加,但当甲醇燃料价格低于1900元/t时甲醇经济优势明显。研究结果可为醇基燃料燃烧器设计以及中小型燃煤锅炉改造提供技术依据。

With advantages of high combustion efficiency,low pollution emission and convenience in storage and transportation,alcohol-based fuel,as an excellent substitute for coal,can reduce the emission in heating seasons.A coalfired boiler took a burner special for"medium pressure atomization"alcohol-based fuel in its technological transformation.The principle of the transformation,operation modes and security measures were analysed,and six competitive clean fuels on the market were comprehensively evaluated.The results show that the annual costs of methanol heating furnaces and air source heat pumps are similar,keeping at a low level among clean heat sources.Methanol heating furnaces are of no SO2 emission and the lowest NOx emission among clean heat sources.Taking the coal-fired boiler reconstruction project of Fangezhuang Mining Branch of Kailuan Group as an example,the emission,energy consumption and economy before and after the reconstruction are analysed.After the reconstruction,the boiler energy efficiency is increased by 35 percentage points.With the same heating area of 413000 m2,the annual emission of soot,SO2 and NOx after the reconstruction are 5,35 and 21 t,respectively.With 5499 t standard coal reduction in coal consumption,annual cost for desulfurization and dust removal could be saved by 1.8 million yuan,while the cost for heating might have a slight rise.If the price of methanol fuel is lower than 1900 yuan/t,it will be of better economy.The results provide an important technical basis for the design of alcohol-based fuel burners and the transformation for small and medium-sized coal-fired boilers.