儿童沟通障碍概念与临床筛查诊断的发展与探讨

Development and Discussion on Concept and Clinical Screening Diagnosis of Children′s Communication Disorders

沟通障碍是指因先天或后天因素造成个体在接收、传递、处理或理解口语、非口语或符号系统方面存在能力缺陷,可表现不同程度和不同形式。儿童沟通障碍诊断的延迟与各地区概念的差异、有效筛查工具不同、专业知识的发展不平衡等有关。目前,我国儿童沟通障碍的概念、诊断标准及标准化评估方法、早期干预系统发展相对缓慢,缺乏系统性研究,具有发展空间。未来,在概念以及诊断标准等方面需进一步实践及研究,针对诊疗及干预需要制订可操作性的指南标准。

Communication disorder refers to the disorder or defect of individual′s ability to receive,transmit,process or understand spoken,non-verbal or symbolic systems due to congenital or acquired factors,which can be manifested in different degrees and forms.The underdiagnosis of children′s communication disorder is related to the differences of definition,effective screening tools and unbalanced development of professional knowledge among different regions.At present,the concept,diagnostic criteria,standardized assessment methods and early intervention system of children with communication disorder in China are developing slowly and lack of systematic research.In the future,it is necessary to further practice and research on the concept and diagnostic criteria,and formulate operational guidelines and standards for the diagnosis,treatment and intervention.