汉语疑问代词的词化模式与类型特点

The lexicalization and typological characteristics of Chinese interrogative pronouns

本文根据63种汉语方言的样本材料,讨论汉语方言疑问代词的词化模式问题。根据不同本体意义拥有专门疑问语素的难易程度,文章得到如下入库等级序列:{处所-选择,数量}>{事物-类别}>{方式,人,程度}>{行为,原因,时间}>性状。文章进一步分别考察了疑问语素的来源方式以及非入库本体意义的具体编码策略。在此基础上,文章总结了汉语方言疑问代词词化模式的类型学特点。

Based on the samples of 63 Chinese dialects,this paper focuses on the lexicalization of interrogative pronouns in Chinese and speculates on the question of what models are involved in their lexicalization.Depending on whether there are specific interrogative morphemes for each ontological meaning,the coding hierarchy of ontological meanings can be described as follows:{place-selection,amount}>{thing-property}>{manner,person,extent}>{action,reason,time}>quality.Besides,this article also discusses the origin of interrogative morphemes and the coding strategy of some other ontological meanings before summarizing the typological characteristics of interrogative pronouns in Chinese.