福州市流动人口时空变化特征及其影响因素

Features of Temporal and Spatial Changes and the Influencing Factors for Migrants in Fuzhou City

基于人口普查、流动人口动态监测和统计年鉴等数据,运用数理统计方法,分析了福州市流动人口的时空变化特征。研究发现:流动人口数量持续增加但分布由集聚转为扩散、来源地趋于开放;流动人口性别年龄结构趋于均衡,迁移“经济性”突出;流动人口受教育程度整体以中等为主,但空间差异显化;流动人口就业非农化明显,呈“退二进三”趋势;经济发展水平及结构的空间差异、城镇基础差异及规划方向调整、社会保障体制二元化、女性地位提高和迁移模式多元化等是最主要的影响因素。

Based on the data collected from the census,dynamic monitoring for migrants and annals of statistics,the mathematical statistics method is applied to analyze the temporal and spatial features and the influencing factors for migrants in Fuzhou City.The result shows that:while the migrants number constantly increases,the spatial distribution becomes spreading from the early cluster,and their home places tend to be open;the structure of the migrants’gender and age is becoming balanced and“economic feature”more apparent;most of the migrants’education level belongs to the medium but the spatial difference is obvious;more and more migrants take part in the non-agricultural industries,especially in commercial and service field,which shows the tendency of“from the second to the third industry”;the spatial disparities of economic development level and structure,the different urban foundation and the planning adjustment,the dual social security system between urban and rural areas,the improvement of women’s status and diversification of migration patterns are the most import Influencing factors.