法国学徒制治理体系:特点、借鉴与启示

Characteristics,Reference and Enlightenment of French Apprenticeship Governance System

现代学徒制是目前我国职业教育改革的重点,改革5年来取得了初步成效,但我国现代学徒制从试点走向全面推行依然面临诸如法律法规、体制机制等方面的问题。法国学徒制的实施由政府主导,治理主体多元化,普通教育和职业教育体系贯通,具有完善的质量保障体系和灵活的经费机制,成功经验对于我国加快推进现代学徒制改革具有重要的借鉴意义。当前,我国现代学徒制改革应加强顶层设计,转变政府职能,推进职业教育"放管服";完善职业教育法律法规体系;建立激励、监督、保障等体制机制,打通学历提升通道;辅以信息技术手段,构建中国特色的现代学徒制,推动我国职业教育高质量发展。

Modern apprenticeship is currently the focus of China’s vocational education reform.The reform has achieved preliminary results in the past five years,but there are still many problems in the full implementation of the modern apprenticeship,such as laws and regulations,systems and institutional mechanisms.In France,the apprenticeship is led by the government,the governing bodies are diversified,the systems of the general education and vocational education are interconnected,and it have a complete quality assurance system and flexible funding mechanism,and the successful experience of French apprenticeship has an important reference for China.At present,we should strengthen the top-level designs of the modern apprenticeship reform,transform government functions,delegate powers,improve regulation and services of vocational education,improve the systems of laws and regulations for vocational education,set up the incentive,supervision and guarantee and other systems and mechanisms,open up the channel of education promotion,and employ information technology to build a modern apprenticeship to promote the developments of vocational education in China.