导向式防爬吸能结构耐撞性能研究及优化

Crashworthiness study and optimization for anti-climbing energy absorption structure with guiders

抗垂向屈曲能力是列车碰撞过程中端部吸能结构重要性能指标。提出一种分级导向防爬吸能结构,通过显式动力学软件Pam-Crash对其吸能特性进行仿真分析,并对比研究分级与单级导向模式吸能特性。采用最优拉丁超立方设计方法进行采样,构建比吸能SEA和峰值力PCF关于结构设计参数的高阶响应面近似模型,并采用NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法对其进行多目标优化,得到pareto前沿解集。在峰值载荷不变的情况下,优化的分级导向防爬结构的比吸能与能量均有明显增加。研究结果表明:分级导向防爬吸能结构不但能提供可观的能量吸收,而且可以缩减安装空间。

The ability of resisting vertical buckling is a key indicator of the energy absorption structure during the train collision,this paper proposed an anti-climbing energy absorption structure with multi-level guiding,and the energy absorption performance was analyzed by explicit dynamics code PAM-CRASH,and the energy absorption performance with single and multilevel guiding manner were compared.In order to optimize the crashworthiness performance of the structure,the optimal Latin hypercube sampling and high-order response surface method was adopted for constructing the approximation model of the specific energy absorption and peak crush force with the structural design parameters.Based on the approximation model,the multi-objective optimization was conducted using NSGA-Ⅱand the pareto fronts were obtained.The specific energy absorption and total energy of anti-climbing energy absorption structure with multi-level guiding increases significantly after optimization under the same peak crush force.It is indicated that the anti-climbing energy absorption structure with multi-level guiding can provide considerable energy absorption and reduce the installation space.