关于资源型地区财政运行问题与对策的思考

Thinking on the Problems and Countermeasures of Financial Operation in Resource-based Regions

山西是我国典型的资源型经济省份。2019年以来,山西经济总体保持稳中有进的发展态势,在此基础上,全省一般公共预算收入保持增长,但受减税降费等政策性因素的影响,累计增速急剧放缓。一般公共预算支出增长较快,重点领域支出保障有力。同时,在财政运行中仍然存在不少瓶颈制约与深层次问题,主要体现为财政收入的资源依赖程度依然较高、市场主体活力不足、科研投入水平持续偏低、财政收支平衡风险加大等,在财政体制方面也显现出政府间财政事权、支出责任、财力不相匹配的矛盾。针对这些矛盾和问题,需进一步发挥财政促进新动能成长壮大、增强市场主体活力、促进科技创新、提升民生保障水平的重要功能,不断提高财政资金配置效率,为实现新时代山西经济高质量转型发展提供更加有效的财力支撑、财税政策支持和财税体制保障。

Shanxi is a typical resource-based economic province in China.Since 2019,economy of Shanxi has maintained a stable and progressive development trend.On this basis,the revenue of the general public budget kept growing,but the growth rate slowed down gradually due to tax and fee reduction policies and other factors.Expenditures in the general public budget grew rapidly,spending in key areas has been strongly supported.But at the same time,there are still many bottlenecks and deep-seated problems in financial operation,mainly reflected in the high degree of resource dependence of financial revenue,lack of activity of market players,continued low level of scientific research investment,and increased risk of fiscal balance.In terms of the fiscal system,there are also contradictions between fiscal authority of the government,expenditure responsibility and financial resources.In response to these contradictions and problems,it is necessary to give play to the functions of finance to promote the growth of new kinetic energy,enhance the vitality of market players,promote scientific and technological innovation,and improve the level of people’s livelihood.Meanwhile,government should improve the efficiency of fiscal capital allocation,provide more effective financial support,fiscal and tax policy support,guarantee of fiscal and taxation system,for realizing the high-quality transformation and development of Shanxi’s economy.