套圈材料对自润滑关节轴承热力学性能的影响

Influence of ring material on thermodynamic performance of self-lubricating spherical plain bearing

为研究套圈材料对自润滑关节轴承性能的影响,建立了基于ABAQUS有限元软件的热力耦合模型。在特定工况下分析了2024铝合金与GCr15两种材料的关节轴承等效应力的大小、摩擦副的热传导过程以及接触应力与温度的分布规律。结果表明:铝合金套圈的等效应力均小于屈服强度,能满足使用要求,与GCr15轴承钢相比,该轴承衬垫受到的等效应力降低了35.4%,同时铝合金轴承的衬垫比GCr15轴承更快地达到热稳定状态;另外,铝合金轴承的摩擦面接触应力降低15.4%,套圈温度降低2℃,衬垫温度降低15.7℃,且应力与温度分布更均匀。综上所述,2024铝合金关节轴承在一定工况下比GCr15轴承磨损寿命更长具有更优异的性能。通过试验验证了GCr15轴承的温升过程与温度分布,与有限元结果具有很好的一致性。

In order to study the influence of ring material on the performance of self-lubricated spherical plain bearings,a thermo-mechanical coupling model based on ABAQUS software was established. The performance difference of spherical plain bearing of 2024 aluminum alloy and GCr15 was analyzed under certain working conditions,including the magnitude of equivalent stress,heat conduction process of friction pair,distribution of contact stress and temperature. Results showed that the equivalent stress of the ring of the aluminum alloy bearing was less than the minimum yield stress,which can meet the use requirements,meanwhile,the equivalent stress of the liner was reduced by 35.4%,and the liner of the aluminum alloy bearing reached the stable thermal state faster than the GCr15 bearing. In addition,the frictional contact stress of the aluminum alloy bearing was reduced by 15.4%, the temperature of ring was reduced by 2 ℃ the temperature of liner was reduced by 15.7 ℃,and the stress and temperature distributions of inner ring and liner were more uniform. In summary,the 2024 aluminum alloy spherical plain bearings had longer wear life and better performance than GCr15 bearings in some cases. The temperature rise process and temperature distribution of the GCr15 bearing were verified by experiments,which were in good agreement with the results of finite element analysis.