新型冠状病毒肺炎定点医院一线护士工作压力及影响因素调查

Investigation on the Working Stress of First-line Nurses in Designated Hospitals of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia and its Influencing Factors

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎定点医院一线护士工作压力现状及影响因素。方法于2020年2月25日~3月10日采用一般情况调查表、护士工作压力源量表、广泛性焦虑量表、社会支持评定量表对西安市2所三甲新型冠状病毒肺炎定点医院的一线护士进行调查,分析护士对工作压力现状、影响因素及相关性进行分析。结果一线护士工作压力总分(96.67±14.81)分,社会支持总分(37.34±8.05)分,广泛性焦虑总分(12.69±4.68)分;护士工作压力与广泛性焦虑总分及各维度均呈正相关,与社会支持总分呈负相关;单因素分析显示,不同护龄、身体健康状况、是否有重症监护室工作的经历、是否参加过突发公共卫生事件的应急培训、此次疫情所在的工作场所的一线护士工作压力得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多重线性回归分析显示,身体健康状况、是否参加过突发公共卫生事件应急培训、此次疫情所在的工作场所是影响新型冠状病毒肺炎定点医院一线护士工作压力的主要因素。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎定点医院一线护士工作压力处于中度较高水平,医院及护理管理者应采取应急培训等积极有效的预防和干预措施,缓解从事公共卫生事件应急工作护士的压力,改善护士的身心健康状况。

Objective To investigate the current situation of working pressure of first-line nurses in designated hospitals of novel cornavirus pneumonia and its influencing factors.Methods From February 25th to March 10th,2020,the general situation questionnaire,the nurses'work stressor scale,the general anxiety scale,and the social support rating scale were used to assess the first line of 2 designated hospitals in Xi'an for the novel coronavirus pneumonia.Nurses conduct surveys and analyze nurses'work pressure status,influencing factors and correlation.Results First-line nurses have a total score of work stress(96.67±14.81),a total score of social support(37.34±8.05),and a total score of generalized anxiety(12.69±4.68);the total score of nurses'work stress and generalized anxiety and all dimensions are positive relevant and negatively related to the total score of social support;single factor analysis shows that different nursing ages,physical health status,whether they have experience in intensive care unit,whether they have participated in emergency training for public health emergencies,and where the epidemic is the work stress scores of front-line nurses in the workplace were compared,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);multiple linear regression analysis showed that physical health,whether they participated in emergency training for public health emergencies,and the workplace where the epidemic was located the main factors affecting the work pressure of first line nurses in designated hospitals for the novel coronavirus pneumonia.Conclusion the working pressure of the first-line nurses in novel coronavirus pneumonia designated hospitals is at a moderate and high level,so the hospital and nursing managers should formulate active and effective prevention and intervention measures to improve the physical and mental health.